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About Alston Technology Pvt Ltd :

Alston Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is an IT Business arm of Hanitian Worldwide (HWW).
HWW having its Regd. Office in Hongkong and manufacturing facilities in China has gained confidence of clients across India, Australia and Europe with professionalised services to its end clients like NEXT plc., Arcadia, M&S, Hoss, Ikandi to name a few; the group Director of the ALSTON are having a very rich experience in varied fields.

Job Description of the Alston Technology Pvt Ltd Job
Should have good experience in Oracle & PL/SQL.
Should have experience in Sybase.
Should have migration experience (Sybase to Oracle)

Desired Candidate Profile for the Alston Technology Pvt Ltd Job
Excellent in Oracle, PL/SQL Programming.

Alston Technology Pvt Ltd Website : alstontechno.com

Click here for Details for the Alston Technology Pvt Ltd Job

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Running Sql Scripts
To run a sql scripts in Sql*plus use @ or @@ or start command. To run a script named C:test.sql use,
@c:test
or,
@@c:test
or,
start c:test

In addition,
CLEAR BUFFER (CL BUFF): will clear buffer, i.e delete all lines from the Sql buffer.

To insert a line before line 1, enter a zero (“0″) and follow the zero with text.
0 SELECT Username

Placing comments in Sql Scripts
1)Using Sql*plus REMARK command: If a line starts with REMARK rest words of the line are considered as comment and hence ignored to compile. This is applied to single line only.
Example:
REMARK This script will generate the salary history
REM This script is generated on 11/01/2008

2)Using /*…*/: in order to comment multiple lines start with /* and until it gets */ entire commands inside it are considered as comments. with /*…*/ you can also comment a single line.
You must enter a space after the slash-asterisk(/*).
Example:
/* Column Salary for 9999
Column name for a30
*/

3)Using –: You can use ANSI/ISO “- -” style comments within SQL statements, PL/SQL blocks, or SQL*Plus commands. This comment cannot span multiple lines.
To span it multiple lines start each line with –.
Example:
–This is a comment.

Issues while placing comments in Sql Scripts
SQL*Plus does not have a SQL or PL/SQL command parser.

It scans the first few keywords of each new statement to determine the command type, whether it is SQL, PL/SQL or SQL*Plus.

Comments in some locations can prevent SQL*Plus from correctly identifying the command type, and thus give unexpected results.

Rules
1)Do not put comments within the first few keywords of a statement. Beow is an example. in first case I commented before procedure keyword and thus PL/SQL block terminates before it is expected and in the second case, it is successfully created because of right select for comment.

SQL> create or replace
2 /* This is a comment */
3 procedure test_proc as
4 begin
5 dbms_output.put_line(‘Test Comment’);

Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.

SQL> end;
SP2-0042: unknown command “end” – rest of line ignored.
SQL> /

Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.

SQL> create or replace procedure
2 /* This is a comment */
3 test_proc as
4 begin
5 dbms_output.put_line(‘Test Comment’);
6 end;
7 /

Procedure created.

2)Do not put comments after statement terminators (period, semicolon or slash).
Example:
SQL> select sysdate from dual; –This is a comment
2
SQL> /
select sysdate from dual; –This is a comment
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

3)Don’t put statement termination character at the end of the comment. For example,
select sysdate
–This is comment;
from dual;

statement will fail because statement termination occurs in the comments.
SQL> select sysdate from dual; –This is a comment
2
SQL> /
select sysdate from dual; –This is a comment
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

SQL> select sysdate
2 –This is comment;
–This is comment
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-00923: FROM keyword not found where expected

SQL> from dual;
SP2-0042: unknown command “from dual” – rest of line ignored.

However, if we omit semicolon from comment then statement successfully executed.
SQL> select sysdate
2 –This is comment
3 from dual;

SYSDATE–
———
29-NOV-08

4)Do not use ampersand characters ‘&’ in comments in a SQL statement or PL/SQL
block. because & is identified as substitution variable unless if you set SET DEFINE OFF to prevent scanning for the substitution character.

Example:
SQL> select sysdate
2 –Comment &
3 from dual;
SP2-0317: expected symbol name is missing

SYSDATE–
———
29-NOV-08

SQL> set define off
SQL> select sysdate
2 –Comment &
3 from dual;

SYSDATE–
———
29-NOV-08

SATISH ASNANI is currently Deputy Manager, Informatics Division, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Bhopal. he is a Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE) for administration of Linux-based servers and also a Certified Internal Information Security Auditor (CIISA) from STQC, India. Mr. Asnani has more than 8 years of experience in database design, application development and implementation of several 2-tier and 3-tier projects using Oracle Database and Oracle Developer 2000. he has delivered lectures on various topics related to Oracle software in a number of renowned institutions.

The book teaches the basics of the Oracle database from a beginner’s perspective to the advanced concepts using a hands-on approach. Each and every concept has been elaborated with suitable practical examples along with code for clear and precise understanding of the topic.

Using a practical approach, the book explains how to retrieve, add, update and delete data in the Oracle database using SQL, SQL*PLUS and PL/SQL. in the process, it discusses the various data types and built-in functions of Oracle, as well as the sorting of records and the table operations. The text also includes coverage of advanced queries using special operators, Oracle security, indexing, and stored functions and procedures.

The book is suitable for undergraduate engineering students of Computer Science and Information Technology, B.Sc. (Computer Science/IT), M.Sc. (Computer Science/IT) and students of Computer Applications (BCA, MCA, PGDCA, and DCA). Besides, the book can be used as a reference by professionals pursuing short-term courses on Oracle Database and students of Oracle Certified Courses.
ISBN: 9788120340206
Published by: PHI Learning
For more information and discount price, please visit indiabookmart.com

by Gregg Hopkins, President and CEO, Libra OnDemand

At the Dreamforce conference last December, Salesforce.com released the White Paper “5 Reasons CIOs are Adopting Cloud Computing in 2010. “It’s a great read, so I decided to sparse the article together with how I feel it applies to hospitality CRM and related technologies.

For years, companies such as eBay and Google have used cloud computing to bring easy-to-use services to consumers. Salesforce.com has been a pioneer in bringing cloud-based applications to users as well.

Cloud computing is transforming the way IT departments deploy custom applications during lean times. by offering a fundamentally faster, less risky, and more cost-effective alternative to on-premises applications, cloud computing will forever change the economics of hospitality information technology. even though we are experiencing one of the most difficult economic situations in 50 years, CIOs must continue to deliver additional business value in the face of consistent budget cuts. The old models increase complexity and generate additional cost. IT departments of all sizes are now looking to the cloud to break the cycle. I find this to be especially true with hospitality IT departments worldwide, as they are reevaluating their strategies and looking for innovative ways to create competitive advantages. CIOs are redefining their value to the enterprise by looking for new, cost-effective alternatives for application enhancement and development, including cloud computing.

IT projects have always been judged by three financial criteria: initial capital expense, ongoing operating costs, and time to value. In 2010, while planning for gradual recovery, IT projects will continue to be evaluated rigorously by this criteria.

Many hospitality organizations have already made, or are in the process of shifting to cloud-based solutions. However, for those that are still on the fence, here are five reasons why companies are betting that cloud computing is the right technology strategy for 2010 and beyond:

1. Delivers faster time to value
2. Requires no up-front capital expense
3. Minimizes operational costs
4. Requires fewer technical resources
5. Simplifies integration

1. Delivers faster time to value

Many organizations are delaying projects that won’t deliver a return on investment within weeks. With cloud computing, companies can speed up time to value. Cloud computing streamlines all stages of the application development cycle — requirements gathering, design, coding, testing, application delivery, and training — with a fully integrated development environment. This environment provides complete, prebuilt applications and project management services. Instead of spending weeks on the project and administrative setup for each new application (including authentication, globalization, workflow, mobile device support, and much more), developers can get to work immediately on value-added activities such as defining the data model or business logic and creating the user experience. for example, once Libra OnDemand applications are built, they are automatically supported by the Force.com platform with world-class security, sub-second performance, full disaster recovery, and instant access to multiple production-quality environments for development, training, and testing.

One of the most overlooked advantages of cloud-based applications is how much faster and less expensive it is to scale to multiple applications. because cloud development is based on subscription pricing, there are no additional costs to deploy additional applications to existing users. and because all applications are built on the same platform, pre-existing application services such as authentication, data objects, UI layouts, and logic can be reused across multiple applications. This approach results in economies of scale in which each additional application deployed decreases the overall costs of the applications. This model is the inverse of on-premises development, in which each additional application increases costs because it requires additional infrastructure and resources over its lifetime. to take advantage of the cloud-based approach, Libra OnDemand now builds and deploys its entire application portfolio on the Force.com platform.

2. Requires no up-front capital expense

Cloud computing platforms are based on subscription pricing. This approach is a major departure from the traditional IT procurement process. With subscription-based pricing, no capital expenses are required to kick off projects. Companies can start small, with virtually no up-front costs, and instantly scale to meet broader business needs. The ability to pay-as-you-go is expensed as a service or operating expense rather than a capital expense. This difference makes it a compelling option for CFOs who are intensely focused on financial predictability and project accountability.

The pay-as-you-go model minimizes both project and financial risk because organizations can scale the project based on business results and also ensure that vendors are held accountable over the project’s lifetime. There are no large up-front investments that lock a project into a specific technology. That means CFOs can account for the business value generated by the service during the same financial period as costs are incurred. In other words, cloud computing provides a better way for IT departments and CFOs to match investments in a project with business value or return.

Because there is little risk and no up-front costs, cloud computing helps hospitality companies attain better technology despite reduced capital budgets. and because charges from technology vendors usually go in the column of business expenses rather than capital expenses, hotels can invest in cloud-based projects even when IT budgets are slashed.

3. Minimizes operational costs

With cloud computing, there is no software or hardware to purchase initially. Perhaps even more important, cloud computing reduces overall application maintenance and support substantially over time. With cloud computing, multiple environments are immediately available to developers, testers, trainers, and end users. and all environments are vertically integrated with ready-to-use services for project managers and administrators. these services include user administration, security, globalization, and centralized governance, all of which help to reduce project time and cost.

Once the application is built and deployed, the vendor manages the burden of operational maintenance. Performance tuning, patches, and upgrades are delivered as part of the service, with minimal demands on the property’s IT team. as a result, your IT team can focus on delivering business value instead of keeping busy with standard maintenance and administration tasks.

Such operational efficiencies are the result of a true multitenant architecture. Multitenancy is a key Salesforce.com innovation that’s at the heart of the Force.com platform. Multitenancy makes possible a pace of innovation and collaboration that’s simply not achievable with on-premises platforms. for example, instead of providing an upgrade every other year, at considerable expense to the customer, Salesforce.com delivers three or four major upgrades every year that cost customers nothing. every time a major innovation is released, every customer instantly benefits.

Multitenant applications are designed so that users share the application’s physical instance and version. Individual “deployments” of those applications occupy virtual partitions rather than separate physical hardware and software stacks. Multitenant business applications built on the Force.com platform, which run on the same proven platform as the packaged applications from Salesforce.com and its ISV partners (such as Libra OnDemand), benefit from the highest levels of security and performance.

The multitenant architecture makes possible the quick deployment, low risk, and rapid innovation for which Salesforce.com is known. The Force.com platform passes on this architecture’s operational efficiencies to customers, including automatic upgrades and lower costs.

4. Requires fewer technical resources

Because the concepts and technologies used to develop Force.com applications are similar to those used for on-premises development, developers trained in Java, .NET, or PLSQL can ramp up in just a few days. and because performance tuning and maintenance are handled by the vendor, resources that would be required to support the applications are freed up for other projects, improving the overall productivity of the IT department.

Force.com provides a more agile development environment, based on configurable metadata, in which changes can be made, tested, and deployed in a fraction of the time of on-premises platforms. One of the advantages of this environment is that, once applications are built, they can be rapidly changed to adapt to shifting market demands.

5. Simplifies integration

Gartner estimates that up to 35 percent of the implementation costs associated with on-premises application development is for integration. In comparison, cloud computing makes integration faster, easier, and less risky than ever before. In fact, more than half of all transactions supported by the Force.com platform today are Web service integration calls to the Salesforce.com API.

With Force.com, the multitenant model makes an ecosystem of partner applications available on Salesforce.com’s AppExchange. The AppExchange is a marketplace similar to the App Store for the iPhone. Here, customers can find, test drive, and install solutions from major applications business categories, including ERP, SCM, HR, IT, Finance, and many others with just a few clicks. The applications are automatically installed and integrated in customer environments and instantly deployed to users, either as part of a custom application (such as Libra OnDemand) or on their own. The AppExchange connects customers with thousands of commercial application developers who are constantly building new and innovative solutions for the Force.com platform. to date, more than 800 applications and components are available on the AppExchange. Recently, Libra OnDemand was named one of the “Force.com Top 40″ applications on the AppExchange.

Summary

In today’s economic climate, with limited budgets and a highly dynamic market, it is critical to be able to refocus an organization and its systems quickly, with minimal resources. With cloud computing, hotels can extend the life of their existing systems with new innovations, improve time to market of new systems, and create competitive advantages faster than ever. If you are considering cloud-based technologies, the time is now to make your move.

About Libra OnDemand | Libra OnDemand leverages the power of the world’s most popular on demand platform (Force.com) to provide a comprehensive suite of hospitality specific applications: Customer Relationship Management, Loyalty Management, Event Management, Analytics, Email Marketing, as well as an online consumer-facing application, Customer Portal. Libra OnDemand is a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) application that is designed to drive sales and increase revenues for the world’s premier hotel organizations. Requiring zero infrastructure or upfront capital investment, Libra OnDemand is simple to use, easy to customize, and quick to implement. for more information about Libra OnDemand, contact info@libraondemand.com or visit the website libraondemand.com.About Gregg Hopkins | Gregg Hopkins is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Libra OnDemand LLC. Gregg has over 25 years of experience in hotel management and hospitality technology. He has worked with various enterprise property management and central reservation system providers, online travel agencies, and destination vacation portals. He has also provided consulting services to hospitality organizations on reservations electronic distribution, technology, e-commerce initiatives, CRM initiatives, marketing, sales strategy, and business development. Gregg is a subject matter expert on hospitality management systems, electronic distribution, and CRM. He also participates as a committee or board member of several industry associations. Gregg can be reached at ghopkins@libraondemand.com.

Transactions are such a common thing when working with databases. they act on an “all or nothing” basis, that is, they succeed or fail but they always should let the database into a consistent state. Of course, in Oracle databases the rules are the same, but the interesting part I want to refer to is in connection with PL/SQL modules (procedures, functions or packages).

A PL/SQL module is some kind of “all or nothing” component. if the procedure fails it rollbacks the uncommited work it has done. Suppose we have the following procedure:

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE test AS
BEGIN
insert into yyy values (1);
raise_application_error(-20000, ‘I am a cute error!’);
END test;
Let’s see what happens:
SQL> truncate table yyy;

SQL> exec test;
BEGIN test; END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20000: I am a cute error!
ORA-06512: at “TALEK.TEST”, line 4
ORA-06512: at line 1

SQL> select * from yyy;

Nice… we didn’t explicitly rollback, but Oracle was smart enough to do the cleanup job for us. This makes sense and proves that PLSQL modules are, in a way, “all or nothing” components.

Now, let’s say we have an oracle job which calls our “test” procedure and if an error occurs it has to log it into another table. A possible implementation of the job PLSQL caller block may be:

begin
test;
exception
when others then
insert into log values (dbms_utility.format_error_stack);
commit;
raise;
end;
/

The above code may seem harmless: the test procedure is called and if it raises an error the exception part of the PL/SQL caller block is executed which further inserts the error into our log table. Of course, we commit the log entry we just inserted and we re-raise the originating error. we know that if test procedure fails then it rollbacks its uncommited work as we seen above. After all, it’s an “all or nothing” piece, right? well, here’s the pitfall: if you catch the exception then the procedure which raised the error will not clean up anything as long as you are within the EXCEPTION section. even the whole anonymous block will fail because of re-raising the original error, the COMMIT statement from the EXCEPTION section will actually commit the incomplete work done by our “TEST” procedure. so, in most cases you should look twice to such EXCEPTION WHEN THEN … COMMIT definitions… otherwise you may end up with nasty bugs. in the above example, in order to avoid this problem, a ROLLBACK should be performed before logging the error. Of course, there are smarter logging solutions which use autonomous transactions but, anyway, the goal was just to reveal the pitfall.